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INTRODUCTION
Homo sapiens will automatically respond to any ++++++external s——————————————————————–timulus that they are not accustomed to such as extreme climatic conditions. Hot and dry environment will pose physical stress to human beings. In response to the stress human beings must adapt to the extreme physical environmental it is exposed through adjustment of the bodies physiological processes in order to restore balance to the body for survive.
Basic Physiological Responses to Thermoregulatory Stress from the Hot and Dry Environment
Except in a few cases when exposed to extremely hot and dry conditions human beings tend to adopt by becoming smaller so as to decrease reducing the volume to surface area ratio.
During extremely hot and dry conditions human beings tend to constrict the veins closest to the skin become larger allowing emission of heat from the body due to increased rate of flow of blood.
When the body is exposed to extremely hot and dry condition for long the body tends to acclimatize to such weather conditions and they become normal. During extremely hot conditions the body sweats and reduces metabolic rate so as to eliminate excessive heat from the body.
During extremely hot and dry conditions the body transfers heat from the core to the surface to be eliminated by the bogy through sweating.
Humans living in dry and hot environmental conditions build their houses with materials that do not insulate heat to avoid a lot of heat being trapped in the house. They are also accustomed to dressing very lightly in clothing that does not trap heat. The individuals also naturally plant a lot of trees that provide shading during the hot weather and gardens that help to condition the environment through evaporation. They also mostly work at night when the weather is less harsh and stay in doors during the day to avoid the harsh environmental conditions.
RUNNING HEAD: ANTHROPOLOGY
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INTRODUCTION
The environment poses physical stress to human beings to which they must adopt in order to survive. Human being respond to the physical stresses through a series of physiological activities that help the individual adapt to environmental stresses to bring the body back to balance. Hot and dry conditions may cause dehydration to the body leading to death if the individual’s body is unable to adapt to the extreme conditions.
Responses to Thermoregulatory Stress from Hot-Dry Environment
In response to hot and dry environmental conditions heat is transferred from the core to the shell to be eliminated from the body through the skin. The body tends to have a higher surface area to volume ratio as is common in tropical weather where humans tend to be smaller in size. The body also responds through vasodilatation of veins closest to the skin that leads to increased blood flow in the body increasing the rate at which heat is eliminated from the body. The body also responds through reduction of metabolic rate in order to reduce heat generated by the body. There is also increased sweating that acts as a cooling system for the body.
Humans living in hot and dry conditions tend to work at night when the weather is cooler and stray indoors during the day when the conditions are extremely hot. They also plant very many trees for shading and gardens that help in regulating the temperatures through evaporation conditioning. The individuals are accustomed to dressing very lightly in clothing that does not insulate heat to avoid excessive heat associated by heavy clothing. They also build their houses with material that does not conduct heat to enable them to remain indoors even during extremely hot conditions.
In the long run when the body is exposed to dry and hot conditions over a long period of time it tends to become acclimatized to the condition.
